What is Hydraulic Solenoid Valve?

Hydraulic solenoid valves are one of the key components widely used in construction machinery, and they are used to control fluid flow in hydraulic systems. The following is an in-depth discussion of the concept of hydraulic solenoid valves, how does hydraulic solenoid valve work and their application in construction machinery.

 

The basic concept of hydraulic solenoid valve

A hydraulic solenoid valve is a device that uses electromagnetic force to control the flow of fluid. It consists of a solenoid coil, valve body and spool, through the electric current into the electromagnetic coil when the magnetic field generated to operate the spool, thereby changing the liquid flow path, to achieve the opening or closing of the valve.

 

How does a hydraulic solenoid valve work

When the current flows through the solenoid coil, a magnetic field is generated inside the coil. The direction and strength of this magnetic field is controlled by the current. In the absence of current flow through the coil, the magnetic field is weak or non-existent.

 

The spool is located in the channel and is normally held in the closed position by a spring. When current is passed through the solenoid coil, the resulting magnetic field attracts the spool, overcoming the force of the spring and moving the spool to the open position.

 

The movement of the spool changes the flow path of the liquid. When the spool is closed, the liquid flow is blocked and cannot pass through. When the spool is open, the liquid is able to flow smoothly through the passage. This change in the flow path realizes the opening or closing of the valve.

 

The control current of the solenoid valve is provided through an external control system. The control system sends current signals as needed to control the energization and de-energization of the solenoid coil to control the position of the spool, and also to better match the operation of other diesel engine parts.

 

Some hydraulic solenoid valves have multiple channels and spools in multiple positions, allowing for more complex flow control, such as switching flow directions, multi-motion control, and more.

 

Types of hydraulic solenoid valves

Hydraulic solenoid valves are typically categorized into the following types, each used for different application needs:

 

Straight-through solenoid valves: These solenoid valves have a simple structure and are primarily used to open or close fluid passages. They are suitable for basic control tasks in hydraulic systems, such as start-stop and flow control, and are also used in conjunction with other components of the equipment, such as starter motor and alternators.

 

Three-way solenoid valves: Three-way solenoid valves consist of an inlet, a positive channel and a circuit that allows the switching of fluids or changes in flow direction. They are commonly used in applications that require switching of flow paths, such as forward and reverse control of hydraulic motors.

 

Four-way solenoid valves: Four-way solenoid valves add an extra channel to the three-way type for more complex flow control, such as bidirectional flow control or multiple action control.

 

Hydraulic solenoid valve in the application of construction machinery

Similar to diesel solenoid valve, hydraulic solenoid valve has a wide range of applications in construction machinery, here we look at some common application scenarios:

 

Hydraulic excavators: solenoid valves are used to control the action of the excavator's arm and bucket to realize earthworks and excavation tasks.

 

Loaders: These machines use solenoid valves to control the rise, fall, tilt and rotation of the bucket for loading and unloading materials.

 

Cranes: Solenoid valves are used in the hydraulic systems of cranes for operations such as raising, lowering, rotating and stabilizing the hook.

 

Concrete Pumps: Hydraulic solenoid valves control the pumping and dispensing of concrete pumps, ensuring that concrete is delivered accurately in construction projects.

 

Agricultural machinery: In the agricultural sector, solenoid valves are used to control the hydraulic systems of tractors and farm machinery to perform plowing, harvesting and other agricultural tasks.

 

Hydraulic solenoid valves are a key component in construction machinery, where they are used to control the flow of fluid in the hydraulic system to perform various actions and functions. Understanding the working principles and types of hydraulic solenoid valves is important for professionals and users in the construction machinery industry, as they are one of the key factors in ensuring proper functioning of machinery. The precise control and reliability of these valves provide a solid foundation for the efficient operation of construction machinery.